BANGABANDHU SHEIKH MUJIBUR RAHMAN

BANGABANDHU SHEIKH  MUJIBUR RAHMAN

Introduction: Bahgabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman is one of the greatest sons of this land. He is called the Father of the Nation for his great contribution in the Liberation War of Bangladesh. During that period, he inspired the whole nation against the occupying force of the West Pakistan with his unparalleled leadership. There could be no doubt that he was a great leader.

Birth and Education: Bahgabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman was born at Tunripara in Gopalgonj district on the 17^th March 1920 A. D. His father’s name was Sheikh Lutfar Rahman and his mother’s name was Shahera Begum. At the age of seven he was admitted to Gopalgonj Public School. Bangabandhu graduated from Calcutta Islamia College in 1947. In the same year he got himself admitted into Dhaka University in the Department of Law.
 

Political Career: He got involved in politics and had the first taste of jail at the age of fifteen. As a political worker, he met Sher-e-Bangla Fazlul Hoque and Suhrawardy. It is said that he was deejply impreesed by suhrawardy. He was the founder of the East Pakistan Musilim Students league. In 1948, Awami Muslim League was formed and Sheikh Mujubur Rahman was the first Joint secretary. In 1966, he was elected the president of the Party. He was deeply involved in different movementd of Bangladeshi people such as the Language Movement, Public Upsurge of 1969 etc. Sheikh Mujibur Rahman declared independence of Bangladesh on the 26^th March in 1971. As a result, he was arrested.  But the liberation war continued. After nine months, the Pakistani forces surrendered.
 

Death: He died in an army coup on the 15^th August, 1975 A.D. with most of the members of his family.

Conclusion: Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman was a great leader and a true Bangladeshi. It was his dream to see Bangladesh as a prosperous country. He loved this country and its people sincerely. We should also love this country and should remain prepared to sacrifice ourselves for the betterment of this country. The deeds of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman will be written in golden letters in the history of Bangladesh.

Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar

Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar

Introduction: Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar was one of the greatest sons of then undivided India. His contribution to the social reform and education of the region has made him legend.

Birth and Boyhood: Ishwar Chandra Bandopadhaya was born in a poor Brahmin family at Birsingha in Midnapur on the 26^th September 1820. His father’s name was Thakurdas Banerjee and mother’s name was Bhagbati Devi. He was raised in stringent discipline of hearted charitable mother. His remarkable intelligence was manifested in his early boyhood.

Eduation:  In 1827, he went to Calcutta on foot. It was a painful journey. On his way, he learned the English numbers form the milestones. In Calcutta, he was admitted into the school department of Sanskrit College. Here his mind bloomed to the full. He obtained scholarships and all titles in Sanskrit. In 1840, he was given the title ‘Vidyasagar’.

Professional Career: At first, he worked as a teacher of Fort William College for civilians. Then he joined Sanskrit College. His devotion, sincerity, strictness, and fairness made him principal of the college. He also became the Inspector of Schools. His minutes of education are documents of lasting value. His spirit of independence led him to disagreement with the Director of Public Instruction and subsequent resignation author of educational textbooks in Bengali as well as printer and publisher. This also gave him economic independence.

Reform Works: His fearless endeavor on behalf of the widow remarriage saw the light of success. His devotion and sacrifice for this purpose was legendary. He also played an important role in imparting education to the females, though he failed in his efforts to abolish. He become the First Secretary of Bethune College and later set up Metropolition College, which is now renamed as Vidyasagar College. He was also selected as a member of the Senate of the newly founded University of Calcutta.

Death: Vidyasagar spent his last years of like in Karmotola. He died on the 29^th July 1889.

Conclusion: Vidyasagar was a great man. His boundless charity, strong character, and profound knowledge made him a legend during his lifetime.

Shakespeare

Shakespeare

Introduction: Shakespeare is considered one of the greatest dramatists of the world history. His poems are also considered invaluable contribution to the world literature.

                                                                                                                                                

Birth and Boyhood: Shakespeare was born on the 23^rd April, 1564. He was the son of a prosperous citizen of Stratford-on-Avon. He got admitted into a grammar school but he could not finish his studies, as he had to help his father in his business.

Marriage: In 1582, he married Anne Hathaway who was seven years senior to him.

Life in London: At a point he got involved into trouble with the local landlord and had to flee to London. There he joined the theatre. By the year 1592, he established himself as an actor and joined Chamberlain’s Players.

Career as a Playwright: After being established as an actor, he devoted himself to writing plays. At first he studied old plays, then began to write his own plays. This led him to financial prosperity. He purchased property both in London and in Stratford. His early plays include Comedy of Errors (1593), Romeo and Juliet (1595). Middle plays include The Merchant of Venice (1597), Henry IV (1597-98), Julias Caesar (1601), and As You Like It (1600). They also include his great tragedies such as Hamlet (1601), Othello (1604), King Lear (1606), and Macbeth (1606). His last plays were Cymbeline (1609) and The Tempest (1611). In his plays, we find him exploring the depths of human heart and nature.

Last Year: In 1614, he retired and began to live in Stratford, In April, 1616 he entertained some of his London friends. He died the 23^rd April, 1616.

Conclusion:  His fellow dramatists and actors loved and admired him. Many of his dramas were published in a during his lifetime but his complete plays were published in a folio edition in 1623. In that edition, Ben Johnson paid him tribute saying, “Not of an age, but of all ages and climes.”  A few of his plays were produced before Queen Elizabeth. He is considered the greatest author of the English language.

Flower of Bangladesh

Flower of Bangladesh

Bangladesh is fertile land. Trees grow very easily in this country. Many charming flower bloom in these trees throughout the year. We know the names of many flowers. They are called garden flowers. There are also many flowers that are nameless and generally unknown to us. They are called wild flowers.

Where Grown:  we see flowers almost everywhere. Some of them are in gardens or beside our houses where they are well-cared and well-nurtured. The wild flowers bloom in marshes and forests in the natural way. Nowadays gardening is becoming increasingly popular day by day. Flowers are also cultivated commercially in many places of the country.

Description of the Major Flowers of Bangladesh: There are different types of flowers available in Bangladesh. The shapla is the national flower of the country. Some of the other important varieties of flowers that are available in Bangladesh are the marigold, the lotus jasmine, the rajani gandha, the China rose, the flame of the forest, gardenia beli, jui, malati, karabi, champa, shefali, china-box, crysenthemun and the bokul. There are also many unknown and wild varieties of flowers.

Uses: The main use of flowers is for decorative purposes. People adorn their houses and dwelling places with flowers on different occasions and festivals such as Eid, Puja, Birthdays, wedding, ceremonies, new year’s day, marriage anniversary etc. We also present our beloved ones with flowers at special moments to show love, compassion, sympathy, and honor. Flowers, especially in wreaths, are put in graves and mausoleums to the idols as a mark of devotion. Honey is collected from flower. Many flowers have are also used to extract fragrance. Some flowers have medicinal properties and are used to heal different ailments. Women use flowers as ornaments especially in their hair and coiffeurs. 

Conclusion: In Bangladesh, one will find flowers almost everywhere. Flowers make our country beautiful and fill our hearts with joy. We should plant more flower trees in the empty spaces of our houses and office buildings and take care of them.

Fruits of Bngladesh

Fruits of Bangladesh

Bangladesh is a green country. It is full of trees, flowers, and fruits. Many types of fruits are available here round the year. Some of the fruits are sweet and some are sour. Some fruits are big and some are small.

The summer is called the season of fruits. Many delicious fruits are available in summer. Among them mango, jackfruit, lichi, blackberry and watermelon are famous. The mango is very delicious. It is called the king of fruits. Best types of mango include Langra, Fazli. Bopalbholg, Mohanbhog etc. They grow well in Rajshahi, Bogra and Dinajpur. Jackfruit is the national fruit of Bangladesh. It is very tasty. Its seeds are also used as vegetable. It is found every here in the Bangladesh. Watermelon is a juicy fruit. It is very refreshing in hot summer days. Its grows well in sandy seashores. It is grown in plenty in northern districts of the Bangladesh.

Pineapples, guavas, and hog-plums are available during the rainy season. Pineapple is a juicy fruit. It grows well in Chittagong Hill tracts, Comilla and Sylhet. The guava is a tasty fruit. It grows well in Chittagong and Barisal.

Orange is a winter fruit. It grows only in Sylhet in Bangladesh. The plum also ripens in winter. Some plums are sour and some are sweet.

Some fruits are available throughout the whole year. They include banana, papaya, and coconut. The banana is a tasty fruit. There are many kinds of bananas. Banana grows almost everywhere in Bangladesh. Coconut has tasty carnal and water. It grows well in coastal areas.

There are many other fruits available in Bangladesh. Among them custard apple, wood-apple, star apple, pomegranate, palm, and date worth mentioning. Lemon, tamarind, shaddock, lime, and olive are sour fruits.

Fruits are very rich in food value and vitamins. Regular intake of fruits can keep us healthy and free from diseases. Various types of food such as jam, felly, pickles, mixed fruits, custard, cake, and juice are made with fruits. We should try to grow more fruits.

The river of Bnagladesh

The River of Bangladesh

Bangladesh is a land of rivers. Many rivers , big and small, have crisscrossed this country. The rivers have made this country beautiful and fertile.

The main rivers of the country include the Padma, the Meghna, the Jamuna, the Brahmaputra, the Tista and the Surma. Most of the rivers have originated in the Himalayas and fall into the Bay of Bengal.

The rivers of this country are of a great use to us. They allow us easy and cheep communication. Many boats, steamers, and launches ply on the rivers and carry people and goods to different places. Bangladesh is mainly an agricultural country. The agriculture system of the country depends on enough supply of water. The rivers supply us with water. The water of the rivers is carried to fields through a network of canals. Therefore, the progress and prosperity of the country largely depends on the rivers. The rivers of the country also provide us with a rich variety of fishes. We get fish from the rivers round the year. The occupation of a huge number of people in this country is fishing. They earn their living by catching fish in the rivers and selling on the markets. Every year Bangladesh exports a huge amount of fish to foreign countries and ears a lot of foreign currency. Besides, many of our cities, markets, and trade centers are situated on the rivers. The rivers play a vital role in the business and economy of the country. River water is also used for generating electricity. A huge amount of electricity is generated in Kaptai Hydro-Electric project by constructing dam on the Karnafully river.

Rivers are not an unmixed blessing. They cause us much suffering by bringing floods. Then the sorrow of people knows no bounds.

Rivers play an important role in our national life. Their contribution to the well-being of the nation is immense. It is our duty to save the rivers from pollution and maintain the flow of rivers by dredging when necessary.

My Country - Bangladesh

Bangladesh

The name of my country is Bangladesh. Its official name is ‘the People’s Republic of Bangladesh’. In the past was a part of Indian subcontinent and then Pakistan. It became an independent country after a bloody war in 1971.

The total land area of Bangladesh is 55,598 square miles. It is bounded by the Indian states of West Bengal to the west and north, Assam to the north, Magalia to north and northeast, and Tripura and Mizoram to the east, by Myanmar to the southeast, and by the Bay of Bengal to the south.

The total population of the country is about 150 million. It is one of the most densely populated countries in the world. 2400-2700 people live per square mile. The density of population is highest in Dhaka. About 5400 people live per square mile in Dhaka.

Bangladesh is a melting pot of races. The proto-Australoids, sometimes called Vedas, were one of the earliest groups to enter the area. According to some ethnologists, Mediterranean Caucasoid, also known as Aryans, followed them, Armenoids are believed to have entered as well. With the coming of the Muslims in the 8^th century AD, new elements were introduced; persons of Arab, Persian, and Turkish origin moved in large numbers to the subcontinent. By the beginning of the 13^th century, they had entered what is now Bangladesh.

More than 85 percent of the population follows the religion of Islam, which was made the state religion by a 1988 constitutional amendment. The rest of the people are mainly Hindus, Buddhists, and Christians.

The main festivals in Bangladesh are religious. The two most important are Eid Ul Fitr, which comes at the end of Ramadan, the Muslim month of fasting, and Eid ul Azha, or the festival of sacrifice, which follows two and a half months later. On both occasions, families and friends exchange visits. The Hindus observe different Puja such as Durga Puja, Kali Puja, Janmsatami etc.

In fact, this is a very fertile and green country. Our country is full of natural beauty. It is the duty of everyone of this country to work for its development.