Dog is a popular domestic animal all over the world.

The Dog 

Introduction: The dog is a popular domestic animal all over the world. The influence of dogs on the human society is immense. Dogs have played an important role in the history of human civilization and were among the first domesticated animals.

Physical Characteristics: The dog is a four-footed animal. Dogs can be of different sizes. Most of them are neither so big as a cow nor so small as a cat. Generally, it is the size of a goal. It has two eyes, two ears, a long face, and a short coiling tail. It has strong jaws. It has sharp teeth and claws. Its eyes are keen. Its body is covered with short hair, but there are some breeds of dogs having long fur.

Nature: A dog is content with a little food. Dogs sleep by day and guard their master’s house at night. A dog has a keen sense of smell. Pet dogs are gentle, faithful, and obedient. Wind dogs are very fierce. A dog wakes up at the slightest noise. It can run very fast. It was its tail to express its joy. Sometimes dogs go mad and bite men.

Food: Dogs are carnivorous animals. They love fish, flesh, and bone very much. They also cat other types of food such as bread, biscuit, rice, milk etc.

Usefulness: For more than 12,000 years, dog has lived with humans as a hunting companion, protector, object of scorn or adoration, and friend. Dogs are regarded differently in different parts of the world. Western civilization has given the relationship between human and dog great importance. Characteristics of loyalty, friendship, protectiveness, and affection have earned dogs an important position in Western society. In some areas of the world, dogs are used as guards or beasts of burden or even for food. In the United States and Europe, dogs are protected and admired. In ancient Egypt during the days of the pharaohs, dogs were considered to be sacred. They were important in hunter-gatherer societies as hunting allies and bodyguards against predators. When livestock were domesticated about 7,000 to 9,000 years ago, dogs served as herders and guardians of sheep, goats, and cattle. Although many still serve in these capacities, dogs are increasingly used for social purposes and companionship. Today, dogs are employed as guides for the blind and disabled. Dogs are specially trained and used for finding out narcotics, illegal arms and criminals by the police. Dogs are even used in therapy in nursing homes and hospitals to encourage patients toward recovery. Humans have bred a wide range of different dogs adapted to serve a variety of functions. This has been enhanced by improvements in veterinary care and animal husbandry.

The Breeds: There are approximately 400 separate breeds of purebred dogs worldwide.  A purebred dog is considered one whose genealogy is traceable for three generations within the same breed. National registries, such as the American Kennel Club in the United States, the Australian National kennel council, the Canadian Kennel Club, The Kennel Club of England, and studbooks on every dog in every breed registered in their respective countries. The Foxhound Kennel Stud Book, published in England in 1844, was one of the earliest registries. Other countries also have systems for registering purebred dogs. The AKC represents an enrollment of more than 36 million since its inception in 1884, and it registers approximately 1.25 million new dogs each year.

Conclusion: Dogs are great friends and companions for us. So, we should take proper care of them.

The Cow

The Cow

Introduction: The cow is a domestic animal. It is undoubtedly the most useful animal to man. A cow is used for various purposes. In villages, cows can be found in almost every household.

Description: A cow has four legs. It has a long tail and there is a tuft of hair at the end of its tail. It drives away insects with it. Its body is covered with short soft hair. It has only one set of teeth in its lower jaw. Its hoofs are divided into two parts.

Kinds: There are many kinds of cows. They differ in size and color. Some are black, some white, some red, and some are of mixed colors.

Where Found: Cows are found all over the world. Wild cows live in the jungles.

Food: The cow lives on grass. It also eats rice, oil cakes, bran, leaves, vegetable, and straw. 

Nature: The cow is a very gentle animal. It gives birth to one calf at a time. It is very fond of its calf.

Usefulness: The cow is a very useful animal. It gives us milk, Ghee, butter, cheese, curd, and many other sweet and delicious things are made of milk. Shoes and bags are made from a cow’s hide. Combs, buttons, and handles of knives are made from the bones and horns of cows. Cow-dung is used as manure. It is also used as fuel. Cows are the farmer’s friends. They serve the farmers in many ways. Even in this world of sophisticated machines, cows are used in cultivation in different parts of the world. They are also used for transportation in rural areas.

Conclusion: The cow does endless good to us. Hence, it is our duty to take good care of the cows.

BANGABANDHU SHEIKH MUJIBUR RAHMAN

BANGABANDHU SHEIKH  MUJIBUR RAHMAN

Introduction: Bahgabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman is one of the greatest sons of this land. He is called the Father of the Nation for his great contribution in the Liberation War of Bangladesh. During that period, he inspired the whole nation against the occupying force of the West Pakistan with his unparalleled leadership. There could be no doubt that he was a great leader.

Birth and Education: Bahgabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman was born at Tunripara in Gopalgonj district on the 17^th March 1920 A. D. His father’s name was Sheikh Lutfar Rahman and his mother’s name was Shahera Begum. At the age of seven he was admitted to Gopalgonj Public School. Bangabandhu graduated from Calcutta Islamia College in 1947. In the same year he got himself admitted into Dhaka University in the Department of Law.
 

Political Career: He got involved in politics and had the first taste of jail at the age of fifteen. As a political worker, he met Sher-e-Bangla Fazlul Hoque and Suhrawardy. It is said that he was deejply impreesed by suhrawardy. He was the founder of the East Pakistan Musilim Students league. In 1948, Awami Muslim League was formed and Sheikh Mujubur Rahman was the first Joint secretary. In 1966, he was elected the president of the Party. He was deeply involved in different movementd of Bangladeshi people such as the Language Movement, Public Upsurge of 1969 etc. Sheikh Mujibur Rahman declared independence of Bangladesh on the 26^th March in 1971. As a result, he was arrested.  But the liberation war continued. After nine months, the Pakistani forces surrendered.
 

Death: He died in an army coup on the 15^th August, 1975 A.D. with most of the members of his family.

Conclusion: Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman was a great leader and a true Bangladeshi. It was his dream to see Bangladesh as a prosperous country. He loved this country and its people sincerely. We should also love this country and should remain prepared to sacrifice ourselves for the betterment of this country. The deeds of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman will be written in golden letters in the history of Bangladesh.

Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar

Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar

Introduction: Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar was one of the greatest sons of then undivided India. His contribution to the social reform and education of the region has made him legend.

Birth and Boyhood: Ishwar Chandra Bandopadhaya was born in a poor Brahmin family at Birsingha in Midnapur on the 26^th September 1820. His father’s name was Thakurdas Banerjee and mother’s name was Bhagbati Devi. He was raised in stringent discipline of hearted charitable mother. His remarkable intelligence was manifested in his early boyhood.

Eduation:  In 1827, he went to Calcutta on foot. It was a painful journey. On his way, he learned the English numbers form the milestones. In Calcutta, he was admitted into the school department of Sanskrit College. Here his mind bloomed to the full. He obtained scholarships and all titles in Sanskrit. In 1840, he was given the title ‘Vidyasagar’.

Professional Career: At first, he worked as a teacher of Fort William College for civilians. Then he joined Sanskrit College. His devotion, sincerity, strictness, and fairness made him principal of the college. He also became the Inspector of Schools. His minutes of education are documents of lasting value. His spirit of independence led him to disagreement with the Director of Public Instruction and subsequent resignation author of educational textbooks in Bengali as well as printer and publisher. This also gave him economic independence.

Reform Works: His fearless endeavor on behalf of the widow remarriage saw the light of success. His devotion and sacrifice for this purpose was legendary. He also played an important role in imparting education to the females, though he failed in his efforts to abolish. He become the First Secretary of Bethune College and later set up Metropolition College, which is now renamed as Vidyasagar College. He was also selected as a member of the Senate of the newly founded University of Calcutta.

Death: Vidyasagar spent his last years of like in Karmotola. He died on the 29^th July 1889.

Conclusion: Vidyasagar was a great man. His boundless charity, strong character, and profound knowledge made him a legend during his lifetime.